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The Magic Lantern

 
     
 

 

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Magic Lantern

Don't we all like to sit down and watch movies? Oh, we most certainly do. Let us stop and give a thought to how it all must have started. You might have seen old Charlie Chaplin movies, where you first see a picture and then 'see' the related dialogue. The process followed then was a painstaking preparation of one slide after another, which when seen in succession would convey a story.

We are familiar with slide projectors. Well, the magic lanterns are an early version of it.

A magic lantern is an apparatus with a lens through which a magnified image from a glass slide is cast on a screen using a powerful light. The credit for its invention goes to Dutch physicist Christian Huygens. It was invented around the year 1660. It used a strong light source that was reflected and concentrated on to a lens by a concave mirror. It was very popular in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

 

Can you guess what it was mostly used for? Horror shows featuring ghosts and spirits! It was, besides, also used for educational lectures and travel shows. And of course, as everyone needs a few laughs, it helped create comic shows that were very popular. The moving parts and slides helped tell a story very effectively. Later developments brought in the use of several projectors at the same time and as a result, a wide range of effects were produced.

Picture of a modern slide projector

A Modern Slide Projector

To view cinema as we do today, a lot of developments took place. A few of them are listed here:

An epidiascope is a magic lantern that may be used for opaque objects or transparencies. This word comes from the Greek epi, which means upon; dia, which means through; and skopeein, which means to view.

A sciopticon is also a kind of magic lantern.

A stereopticon is a double magic lantern that was used for getting better reproduction of pictures.

A chromatrope is the name given to a rotating magic-lantern slide for the production of a kaleidoscopic effect.

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