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Bread Fruit - A Summary

 
     
 

 

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Breadfruit

Bread and fruit for breakfast is common enough and we do have it on and off. However, to have breadfruit one would have to travel to the islands on the South Pacific Ocean where it is a part of the staple diet of the people. The fruit gets its name from the soft pulp. The tree that bears breadfruit is a tropical one found in these regions.

The breadfruit tree is a member of the family Moraceae. The name that it is known by in botany is Artocarpus altilis. A tall tree, it grows to a height of 40 feet. We find breadfruit nestled in the midst of glossy green leaves with a leathery texture. When in full bloom, the tree bears male and female flowers in separate clusters.

The original home of the breadfruit is Malay Archipelago and it was from here that it spread to the South Pacific region where it is now found in abundance. 

 

The breadfruit’s voyage to America
An interesting story attached to the breadfruit is that Captain James Cook had chanced upon it when in the Pacific Islands. Hoping that it could be ideal staple food for black slaves in the West Indies, he recommended the planting of breadfruit there. Captain William Bligh who sailed under Captain Cook tried twice to bring the breadfruit tree saplings. His first attempt was unsuccessful. However, in the next one he succeeded in bringing back cuttings of the breadfruit tree and planting them back home. Unfortunately all his efforts went unappreciated, as the black slaves preferred plantains to breadfruit!

Its features and culinary uses 
The breadfruit grows to the size of a small melon and has a rough exterior. In contrast, the pulp is white and mealy. It is seldom eaten raw. The pulp contains a considerable amount of starch and is used in many ways. The pulp is baked, boiled, roasted, fried or, as is more often done, dried and ground into flour. When baked, it becomes very soft textured and has a sweet taste. The ‘flour’ obtained from breadfruit pulp is used for making biscuits, cakes, bread, pudding and the like.  

breadfruit tree
The breadfruit tree


Other uses

The inner bark of the breadfruit tree is fibrous and used for making cloth. These trees yield wood that is fine-grained and white. This type of wood is found useful for making furniture and small boats. The sap of the tree is also useful and is used for making glue and caulking material (material used for filling gaps in boats to protect it from leakage).

Breadfruit is grown a lot in the region from Mexico to Brazil and also in the West Indies. Back home in the Pacific islands, many different varieties are grown. The breadfruit tree cannot tolerate very cold conditions and hence attempts to grow it in the colder regions have been unsuccessful.

breadfruit
Breadfruit

The nutty cousin
A close relative of the breadfruit tree is the breadnut tree. The seeds of the breadnut tree are roasted and ground into flour and may even be used as a substitute for coffee. Just like the breadfruit tree, the breadnut tree is also very useful. Its leaves are used as livestock fodder and its wood for carpentry. 

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